Wednesday, January 28, 2009

November Home Prices in 20 U.S. Cities Fall 18.2%

November Home Prices in 20 U.S. Cities Fall 18.2% (Update1)

By Bob Willis

Jan. 27 (Bloomberg) -- Home prices in 20 U.S. cities declined 18.2 percent in November from a year earlier, the fastest drop on record, as foreclosures climbed and sales sank.

The decrease in the S&P/Case-Shiller index was in line with forecasts and followed an 18.1 percent drop in October. The gauge started falling in January 2007, and year-over-year records began in 2001.

Record foreclosures have contributed to more than $1 trillion in losses worldwide that have prompted banks to shut off access to credit. While plunging values have made homes more affordable, they have also hurt household wealth, contributing to a slump in spending that’s likely to continue for the first half of the year.

“The housing market has not yet reached its bottom,” Neal Soss, chief economist at Credit Suisse Holdings in New York, said in an interview on Bloomberg Television. “People have to be in a position where they are not afraid of their most significant asset.”

Economists forecast the 20-city index would fall 18.4 percent from a year earlier, according to the median of 27 estimates in a Bloomberg News survey. Projections ranged from declines of 17.4 percent to 20 percent.

Compared with a year earlier, all areas in the 20-city survey showed a decrease in prices in November, led by a 33 percent drop in Phoenix and a 32 percent decline in Las Vegas.

Broad-Based Drop

“The freefall in residential real estate continued through November,” David Blitzer, chairman of the index committee at S&P, said in a statement. “Overall, more than half of the metro areas had record annual declines.”

Consumer confidence this month probably held near a record low as Americans fretted about paying their mortgages and keeping their jobs, economists forecast the Conference Board’s sentiment index will show today at 10 a.m.

Robert Shiller, chief economist at MacroMarkets LLC and a professor at Yale University, and Karl Case, an economics professor at Wellesley College, created the home-price index based on research from the 1980s.

The 20-city index is down 25 percent from its 2006 peak. Eleven of the 20 metropolitan areas showed record declines in the year ended in November, and eight showed the biggest month-to- month decrease on record.

Home prices decreased 2.2 in November from the prior month, matching the October decrease, the report showed. The figures aren’t adjusted for seasonal effects so economists prefer to focus on year-over-year changes instead of month-to-month. Phoenix and Las Vegas also showed the biggest one-month declines.

Other Measures

Other housing reports have shown property values continue to weaken as foreclosures climb. The median sales price of existing homes fell 15.3 percent in December from a year earlier, compared with a 13.6 percent annual decline the prior month, the National Association of Realtors said yesterday.

Sales of existing homes, which make up about 90 percent of the market, gained 6.5 percent in December from a decade low the prior month, the Realtors group said yesterday. For all of 2008, existing home sales fell 13.1 percent.

U.S. foreclosure filings jumped 81 percent last year as more than 2.3 million properties got a default or auction notice, or were seized by lenders, according to RealtyTrac Inc., an Irvine, California-based seller of default data.

President Barack Obama has pledged to unveil programs to stem foreclosures and boost housing as he battles the longest recession in a quarter century. The president will also use the second $350 billion outlay from last year’s financial rescue plan to help stem foreclosures, White House press secretary Robert Gibbs said yesterday.

Construction Slump

Housing starts are down 75 percent from their January 2006 peak. Declining construction has hurt economic growth for the last three years and is likely to weigh further on the economy as the recession extends into 2009.

Builders, banks, retailers and manufacturers are all feeling the pinch. Caterpillar Inc., the world’s biggest maker of construction equipment, yesterday announced it was cutting 20,000 jobs as the worldwide building slump hurt sales.

“We’re in the midst of a downward spiral and the momentum is building,” Chief Executive Officer Stuart Miller said on a conference call.

To contact the reporter on this story: Bob Willis in Washington at bwillis@bloomberg.net

Last Updated: January 27, 2009 09:10 EST

House passes Stimulus without GOP help

Wednesday, January 28, 2009

(01-28) 16:16 PST Washington - --

President Obama won his first legislative victory as the House passed a $819 billion economic stimulus package Wednesday night, but his bid to woo Republicans failed to convince even a single GOP member to join Democrats to back the bill.

If he was upset with the outcome, Obama didn't show it. After the vote, he invited top House and Senate leaders of both parties to the White House for cocktails, hoping a little wine and schmoozing could grease the path for his signature economic initiative in the Senate.

Eleven Democrats joined the entire 177-member House GOP caucus in voting "no" - mostly conservative Democrats from swing districts that often tilt toward Republicans, where a vote for the costly package could prove a liability with voters already upset with the government's bailout of Wall Street firms.

The 244-188 vote was the first key test for the measure, which Democrats said would help jumpstart the economy and create millions of new jobs with huge investments in education, health care, clean energy and aid to the states, including at least $32 billion for California.

House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, D-San Francisco, said the bill would start to accomplish the agenda Obama detailed in his inaugural speech.

"On the steps of the Capitol, President Obama pledged to 'build the roads and bridges, the electric grids, the digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together' and to 'restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology's wonders to raise health care's quality and lower its cost.' " Pelosi said on the House floor. "Today we are acting swiftly and boldly to do just that."

But GOP leaders said the party's unified vote against the bill sent a signal to Obama and Democratic leaders in Congress that if they want the bill to pass with a bipartisan majority, they will have to include more GOP proposals.

"I hope (Obama) can go and call Speaker Pelosi and tell her to begin to work with us," said House Minority Whip Eric Cantor, R-Va. He noted that Obama had told GOP leaders in private meetings that they would have a say. "He encouraged us to continue to send him our ideas.

Republicans insisted they remain impressed with new president's outreach effort. "It is nearly unprecedented," said Rep. David Dreier, R-San Dimas (Los Angeles County.)

But GOP lawmakers said they could not abandon their principles and vote for a plan they felt would expand government too much and cut taxes too little. They offered a separate plan, which focused almost exclusively on tax cuts, which was defeated on a party line vote.

"I am disappointed that Congress decided to borrow money from our children and grandchildren to increase spending, create new government programs, and increase the federal deficit under the guise of an economic stimulus," said Rep. Jeb Hensarling, R-Tex.

Lawmaker of both parties acknowledged that the bill comes at a very high price: It will be paid for entirely with borrowed funds, adding to a projected $1.2 trillion deficit this year. Borrowing the money would add $347 billion to the bill's costs over ten years, according to the Congressional Budget Office.

Rep. David Obey, the chair of the House Appropriations Committee and a key author of the package, said Democrats concede that the bill will lead to a spike in the deficit.

"Absolutely, without question," Obey said. "But the proper question to ask is, how much more would the deficit increase if we do nothing? How much more deeply would our employment fall if we do not do something? How many more Americans will lose their health insurance as well as their jobs as well as their retirement security?"

Democrats pointed to a report by Moody's economist Mark Zandi, who advised GOP presidential nominee John McCain, that said the stimulus bill would create or save 4 million jobs and keep the unemployment rate 2 percentage points than it would be without federal action.

Obama pressed his case for the measure at a White House meeting with the CEOs of 13 major U.S. corporations, including Google's Eric Schmidt, who added heat on Congress to get the economic plan approved.

"I've been in contact with many leaders in the corporate world... I think there's unanimous commitment in support of the president," IBM Chairman and CEO Sam Palmisano said. "We all agree we need to reignite growth in our country."

Obama, noting the tens of thousands of new job losses this week signalled the need for urgent action on the plan, said, "We don't have a moment to spare." He said he was confident that the package would ultimately be approved by both the House and Senate.

Atlanta condo sales fell 88% in second half of 2008

Only 645 new intown condominiums sold last year, report says

The Atlanta Journal-Constitution

Wednesday, January 28, 2009

Demand for condominiums in intown Atlanta has “evaporated,” with just 66 new units sold in the second half of 2008, according to Haddow & Co., a local real estate consulting firm that’s been studying the condo market since 1999.

That’s an 88 percent dropoff from the number of units sold in the first half of 2008. Just 645 new condos sold all of last year — 76 percent below the annual average of the previous eight years.

“Interest rates are very low, prices are falling, product availability is enormous, but closings are scarce,” the report says. “In the words of one observer, ‘we have a buyer’s market with no buyers.’”

The numbers are chilling for a company like the Novare Group, which is scheduled to open the Atlantic condo tower at Atlantic Station in June. The 46-story luxury high-rise will have 401 units, 27 percent of which are under contract. But how many of those contracts will actually close remains to be seen.

Novare did not respond to a request to comment.

The Haddow report also says the condo “resale market faltered in the first half of 2008 and has still not recovered.” Resales plummeted 44.2 percent last year compared to 2007 and the average sales price declined 11.6 percent.

Prices of single-family homes in metro Atlanta are down about the same amount, according to the Standard & Poor’s Case-Shiller Home Price Index that came out Tuesday.

In all, intown Atlanta has more than 5,100 unsold new condos, or 6,032 if approved but unbuilt units are included. The market’s best year was 2005, when 4,747 condos sold and 4,455 were under construction.

“Sales have particularly stalled in the Buckhead submarket, with only 103 [new] units sold in 2008, compared to an annual average of 1,066 units from 2005 to 2007,” the Haddow study says.

After the peak year, condo sales began to slip while condo construction remained steady. The resulting surge in inventory has led some developers to take unusual steps, such as auctioning units and converting condos to apartments.

The foreclosure rate accelerated in the second half of last year, the report says. A sampling of 10 sold-out projects with 3,202 units shows that 4.93 percent of the homes were foreclosures.

“The short-term prognosis for a rebound in demand is not good,” the summary says. “A restoration of consumer confidence, improved resale market and lenders willing to lend are essential to recovery.

“Developers and lenders will face some tough decisions about how to cope in these most difficult times. 2009 should prove a pivotal year.”

Tuesday, January 27, 2009

Bernanke: Game Over?

Bloomberg is allegedly reporting that Bernanke is "contemplating" buying the long end of the Treasury Curve due to "bond market instability."

Here's what he's unhappy about:

There is nothing "unstable" about any of this. Rates are going higher. Why? Gee, let's see, Obama says he's going to blow $1 trillion on a "stimulus" package, the other $350 billion of the TARP was released, the GAO says we're going to run well north of a Trillion in deficits, and people are wondering why the bond market expects the government to pay up in higher interest rates for the right to borrow more than 10% (and that's almost certainly a LOW estimate) of the total outstanding debt in one freaking year after having added 16% in the last one?

You're kidding, right? America is acting like a subprime credit-card customer who has decided to go nuts in the local "bigbox" electronics retailer, and the market is (appropriately) reacting to that by repricing RISK.

Bernanke thinks he will simply cap the market by intervening?

Let us dwell for a few minutes on how our government financials and currency actually work.

Treasury prints up T-Bills which it then sells. The Fed is the purveyor of currency, which it produces by buying T-bills with "newly minted" dollars, expanding the total amount of dollars in the system when it so chooses.

Ok.

The market determines all interest rates. Yes, even the "Fed Funds" rate; if you think The Fed leads the market, you need to go study some charts. The Fed does not set rates, it is compelled to follow the market, because if it tries to force rates to where they do not want to go it can obtain that result in exactly two ways:

  1. It must provide or draw an infinite amount of money into or out of the system in order to drive and maintain it outside of equilibrium OR
  2. It must crowd out all private parties from a particular area of investment, thereby allowing The Fed to effectively "take over" from private parties.

The second is non-intuitive - you need to contemplate how the markets (for anything) work for a few minutes before it makes sense.

Consider a situation where The Fed "wants" the GSE funding cost to be, say, 2%. The market wants it to be 4%, because the market perceives more risk than The Fed would like to have it admit.

The Fed can cause the GSE paper to trade at 2%, but if it does so it will be the only buyer of said paper, because nobody else will buy at a 2% coupon.

The same thing is about to happen here. If Bernanke actually attempts to suppress the Treasury Market's interest rates, that is, "support the long end of the curve's price", then he will wind up having to buy all, or essentially all, of the supply. People who own Treasuries will sell to him, surmising that he is overpaying, and gleefully taking what is an "extra" profit from his hands.

If you're wondering why the commercial and consumer lending market has gone straight to hell, this is the reason. Bernanke has interfered with the private credit market in virtually every area, and in each place where he has "supported" the price of debt instruments (suppressing yields) he has wound up as effectively the only buyer in short order.

This is bad when we're talking about the private credit markets but if it shifts to Treasuries then the game is literally over immediately, because at that point you have just created a circle jerk.

Treasury prints Ts to finance its operations but the guy who buys them is the guy who prints the money in exchange. Therefore every additional Treasury sale is no longer a debt sale, it is an act of printing money by the Central Bank and destroys the standard of living of everyone in The United States.

This, should Ben engage in it, is a willful act of destruction of your private property rights, your wealth, and your income. It is not an accident, it is not "necessary" and it solves exactly nothing.

It is simply an attempt to defraud - yet again - the American People, this time by attempting to "make ok" the financing of deficit spending that the market simply will not support at the price Treasury wishes to pay.

Down this road lies the near-immediate implosion of all commercial credit as there will no longer be a "fair" reference against which it can be based. We've already tampered with the commercial paper and mortgage security markets; this will complete the "transition" from a market economy in bonds to a command economy, complete with a self-appointed King who has simply ignored the provisions of The Federal Reserve Act when it suited him.

Bernanke will literally have reached the end game where he is the lender not only of last resort, but of the first and only resort at the same time, with all of his lending "decisions" being made by fiat instead of by the market's approximation and evaluation of risk.

Once this begins expect mass bankruptcies in the commercial sector as private credit provisioning will immediately disappear. Bernanke's ability to replace that functionality is fanciful and he will soon learn this lesson the only way the market knows how to teach it - the hard way - just as he has had every other "plank" in his Doctoral Thesis destroyed - one at a time.

No, it is not inflationary when your job disappears because the place you work for goes under; while Ben can try to replace the entirety of the private credit market I wish him the best of luck in that endeavor, given that it is some fifty trillion dollars. How much faith will the world have in The Fed when it tries to backstop a $50 trillion marketplace with under $1 trillion in banknotes? It has already doubled its balance sheet - but this would require expanding it by twenty five more times.

He's going to fail at this endeavor in truly-spectacular fashion.

Monday, January 26, 2009

62,000 Jobs Are Cut by U.S. and Foreign Companies

January 27, 2009

Employers have tried to nip and tuck their labor costs by reducing overtime, shortening the workweek and freezing wages, but now, they are reaching for the saw.

On Monday alone, companies across the employment spectrum announced more than 65,000 job cuts in the United States and around the world, a stark sign that businesses are enduring a painful, protracted downturn.

Monday’s toll included 20,000 cuts at Caterpillar, the world’s largest maker of construction and mining machinery; 8,000 jobs at the wireless provider Sprint Nextel; 7,000 workers at Home Depot, and 8,000 from the expected merger of the pharmaceutical makers Pfizer and Wyeth. The beleaguered automaker General Motors announced that it would cut shifts at plants in Michigan and Ohio, where the downturn has hit hardest, eliminating some 2,000 jobs.

And Texas Instruments said after the market closed on Monday that it would cut 3,400 jobs or 12 percent of its work force through 1,800 layoffs and 1,600 buyouts or retirements.

In Europe, the banking and insurance group ING said it would cut 7,000 jobs; the electronics company Philips, 6,000; and the steel maker Corus, 3,500 worldwide.

“We’re now into the danger zone,” said Brian Bethune, chief United States financial economist at IHS Global Insight. “It really becomes pernicious because the uncertainty increases, corporate confidence is badly battered, and you get these severe measures being taken.”

President Obama cited the layoff announcements in remarks Monday morning as he urged action on an $825 billion economic stimulus package of tax cuts, emergency benefits and public spending projects.

“These are not just numbers on a page,” Mr. Obama said. “As with the millions of jobs lost in 2008, these are working men and women whose families have been disrupted and whose dreams have been put on hold. We owe it to each of them and to every single American to act with a sense of urgency and common purpose. We can’t afford distractions and we cannot afford delays.”

The United States economy has dropped some 2.59 million jobs since the recession began in December 2007, and unemployment rose to 7.2 percent last month. Economists worry that the economy could now be losing as many as 600,000 jobs a month, and they said Monday’s layoff announcements served to underline the stricken state of the labor market.

Last week, the government reported that first-time unemployment claims had risen to 589,000 for the week ending Jan. 17, tying a record high set in December.

The latest job cuts — and the additional announcements likely to come in a cascading pattern as job losses through the economy cause demand to shrink further and thus lead to more layoffs mean more pain for states, as unemployment insurance claims rise and deplete state coffers.

The Obama administration has proposed setting aside $43 billion to help blunt the problem and provide for new recipients of unemployment insurance and existing ones. That money is intended to raise the weekly benefits, to extend how long people can collect those payments and to cover more types of workers, like part-timers. It is largely based upon an estimate that the unemployment rate will peak at 8.3 percent in 2010. But if unemployment reaches the double-digits, as some economists expect, the funding will almost certainly not be enough, economists say.

“The economy is deteriorating at a faster clip than even the most dreary forecasts had expected,” said the economist Joseph Brusuelas. “At the current trend, $43 billion will not be sufficient, should we breach 9 percent unemployment and maybe reach into the double digits.”

Monday’s announcements only added to a grim parade of job cuts from Wall Street to wireless providers to computer companies to retail stores.

Last week, Microsoft announced it would cut 5,000 jobs over the next year and a half; Sony in Japan and Ericcson in Sweden each announced 5,000 layoffs; and the motorcycle maker Harley-Davidson said it was eliminating 1,000 jobs. Carmakers in Japan, South Korea and Europe have also cut jobs in recent months as did the cellphone maker Nokia.

“It steepens the whole downturn,” said Harry Holzer, a labor economist at Georgetown University and the Urban Institute. “The magnitude of these layoffs indicates that the downturn in the labor markets seems to be accelerating.”

“This is a big deal,” said Dean Baker, a director of the Center for Economic and Policy Research. “We’re losing jobs at an incredibly rapid rate, and even with that, I’m worried they’re accelerating. We’re seeing a much more rapid rate of layoff announcements.”

Caterpillar, which has been hurt by falling orders for construction and mining machinery, said Monday morning that it would cull 20,000 workers through layoffs and buyouts. It said it would make “sharp declines” in overtime and eliminate scores of temporary and contract jobs.

The company said 2009 would be one of its weakest years since World War II.

“These are very uncertain times,” the chief executive, James W. Owens, said in a statement. “While it’s painful for our employees and suppliers, it’s absolutely necessary given economic circumstances. We expect to have most of the actions needed to lower employment and cost levels in place by the end of the first quarter.”

“We were whipsawed in the fourth quarter as key industries were hit by a rapidly deteriorating global economy and plunging commodity prices,” Mr. Owens said.

The wireless provider, Sprint Nextel, said its 8,000 job cuts were part of a plan to trim labor costs by $1.2 billion, and said most of the cuts would be completed by March 31. About 850 of the job cuts are expected to come through buyouts, which will cost the company $300 million in severance costs and related expenses.

“Labor reductions are always the most difficult action to take, but many companies are finding it necessary in this environment," Sprint’s chief executive, Daniel R. Hesse, said.

Home Depot, the country’s largest home-supply chain, said it would cut 7,000 jobs, about 2 percent of its work force, and would close its higher-end Expo Design Center business, which includes 34 stores.

Carol B. Tomé, Home Depot’s chief financial officer, said in a telephone interview that the company began exploring ways to save its Expo business months ago, but “as we kept looking at alternatives the business kept getting softer and softer.”

With no sign of consumers cracking open their wallets anytime soon, executives simply realized, “we can’t fix it.”

Saturday, January 24, 2009

Bailout backlog angers small firms

Washington Post

Saturday, January 24, 2009

Washington —- A massive backlog of bank applications for emergency federal aid has provoked widespread frustration over how the Treasury Department is allocating rescue funds and raised suspicions among executives that political connections are playing a role, industry officials and regulators say.

The delay is pushing bank executives across the nation to lobby their lawmakers, financial groups and friends within the federal government to try to expedite their requests.

“I think there is a suspicion among a large number of our members that it’s who you know rather than the merits of the application,” said Camden Fine, chief executive of the Independent Community Bankers of America.

“I don’t know that to be a fact, but I know there is a strong undercurrent of suspicion among my members that you have to have some sort of connection before you get the golden touch or the blessing from Treasury to get money.”

Since the Treasury announced the program in October to inject federal aid into banks in exchange for equity stakes, about 350 banks have received the money, a fraction of the 1,600 institutions that have asked, according to regulators.

Treasury officials have been secretive about why certain banks received the money first, citing the need to protect sensitive market information. But lawmakers and industry officials have widely criticized their decisions as opaque and inconsistent.

Those with easiest access to the initiative, known as the Capital Purchase Program, include the largest Wall Street firms that many community bankers blame for dragging down the entire financial system.

Community bank executives and industry officials said that while Bank of America and Citigroup executives are able to dial up senior officials at the Treasury and the Federal Reserve and quickly receive tens of billions of dollars in federal aid, the heads of midsize and smaller institutions must wait months.

“What I do have a huge problem with is the double standard that my government is using,” Tom Mork, chief executive of Lakeview Bank in Lakeville, Minn., wrote in a letter to financial associations and the congressional delegation from his state.

The “public has no clue about what is happening behind the scenes. My hunch is that if they understood that their local bank declined their loan request because the capital they require to continue growing is being unfairly distributed to the very institutions that caused this mess, they too would be outraged,” he wrote.

Mork added that the Treasury required his bank to raise matching capital from the private sector for his application for $1.5 million in federal funds to be approved.

But community banks’ access to the federal funds is inconsistent with the experience of some firms. Central Pacific Financial of Honolulu, for instance, has had little difficulty. In December, the Treasury approved the application of the ailing Hawaii bank for $135 million without any such conditions. Contrary to the stated goals of the Capital Purchase Program, Central Pacific used most of the money to avoid censure by their regulators rather than lend to customers, bank officials said at the time.

The transition between presidential administrations has delayed matters. Former president George W. Bush’s Treasury appointees left their posts when his administration ended Tuesday. Messages for Neel Kashkari —- a Bush holdover who agreed to oversee the Capital Purchase Program and other initiatives within the $700 billion Troubled Assets Relief Program until Obama’s officials take over —- were not returned.

Meanwhile Senate confirmation of Tim Geithner, Obama’s pick for Treasury secretary, has been put off until Monday, leaving his staff unable to take up their posts in the department.

 New York Times and MICHAEL DABROWA / Staff
TOTAL TARP* FUNDS INVESTED IN BANKS
Nearly two-thirds of the money released to banks has gone to the nation's eight largest institutions.

Citigroup: $45 billion**
Bank of America: $45 billion
JPMorgan Chase: $25 billion
Wells Fargo: $25 billion
Morgan Stanley: $10 billion
Goldman Sachs: $10 billion
Bank of New York: $3 billion
State Street: $2 billion
288 small and midsize banks: $78.8 billion
Total: $248.8 billion

*Troubled Asset Relief Program
**Does not include $5 billion committed as part of a loan guarantee.

Mechanics Bank says 'no thanks' to $60M Treasury investment


San Francisco Business Times - by Mark Calvey

Mechanics Bank CEO Steve Buster says his board doesn't want a $60 million infusion of cash from the U.S. Treasury.
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Mechanics Bank said late Friday that its board unanimously opted to withdraw its previously announced participation in the U.S. Treasury's direct-investment program.

Mechanics CEO Steve Buster said Congress is throwing a wrench into the works by threatening to retroactively add several requirements on participating banks.

"New measures have been adopted or are under legislative consideration that materially alter the circumstances that existed at the time our board approved a $60 million participation," Buster said. "The momentum is toward provisions that create too much risk and could be too costly."

In announcing its plans to accept the money on Jan. 6, the $2.7 billion bank in Richmond was quick to tout its financial strength. Now the reversal of that decision has ominous implications for the government's Troubled Assets Relief Program -- TARP, which were designed to move capital into healthy banks so that it could be lent to customers and businesses on Main Street.

With much of the $700 billion TARP program being used to prop up ailing banks, such as Citigroup and Bank of America, (NYSE: BAC) some see growing outrage among the general public and members of Congress, making the program increasingly punitive for participating banks.

Other community banks that have been approved for TARP money are expected to join Mechanics Bank eventually in withdrawing from the program. Mechanics Bank had not yet received the money because the paperwork had not been completed.

Some community banks, such as Bay Commercial Bank (OTCBB:BCML) in Walnut Creek, said they opted out of applying for the TARP program from the get-go, citing their financial strength and the challenges of putting the money to work in a deepening recession.

"After careful consideration and analysis, we determined that the bank could not profitably invest the additional unneeded capital," Bay Commercial CEO George Guarini said last month. "Despite the challenging economic environment, the bank continues to be well capitalized."

Buster said Mechanics' (OTCBB: MCHB) decision Friday was not in response to the bank needing to get an exception from Treasury to pay its traditional annual special dividend, which was $100 last year, in addition to the quarterly dividend of $85 per share. The hefty dividend payouts reflect that the bank's stock last traded at $12,720 a share on Jan. 13.

Buster said he and his board have grown increasingly concerned about Washington's view of those getting money under Treasury's Capital Purchase Program under TARP.

"Since the initiation of the program, the financial industry's slide has continued, and the nine largest banks that were first in line for CPP capital have largely been forced to make capital retention a priority. New loans have failed to materialize as rapidly as regulators and legislators may have hoped," Buster said. "The reaction has been toward increasingly restrictive rules for banks that accept TARP, including limiting shareholder dividends, marginalizing executive pay and -- by far of most concern to us -- telling banks how, what and to whom they must lend.

"Mechanics Bank is well capitalized by regulatory standards and does not need this additional capital, but we decided to participate to ensure greater flexibility in a deteriorating economy," Buster said. "Given that the Treasury can unilaterally alter the program terms at any time, at this point the risks outweigh the benefits, and we have decided to rescind our participation."

One sign of growing criticism of TARP recipients: Shortly after Citigroup (NYSE: C) received its second TARP injection in November, PBS' NewsHour commentator Mark Shields observed that the New York bank got a commitment of more than $300 billion in taxpayer dollars with fewer strings attached than a U.S. citizen faces in accepting a welfare check.

But Congress' ability to change the TARP rules retroactively carries plenty of strings for participating bankers. Or as Mechanics Buster puts it, "The money doesn't come with strings attached, they're ropes."


mcalvey@bizjournals.com

Tuesday, January 20, 2009

Jim Willie

USDOLLAR VULNERABILITY - SEVERE OVERNIGHT CORRECTION

The USDollar has been lifted by queer forces in the last few months. Redemptions of Credit Default Swaps are paid out in US$ terms, as large corporations fail and their asset backed bonds default. CDSwaps are insurance policy contracts. Also, the sale of speculative fund positions often results in debt liquidation, and repayment of heavy credit extended in US$ terms. Another force has been revealed. In the 4Q2008, fully $150 billion in foreign subsidiary assets, funds, and profits were brought home by US corporations, in order to repair the balance sheets and stem disaster. This has garnered little or no publicity. The repatriation flow is not to be expected to repeat each quarter, and is largely completed. The Powerz prefer to formulate false stories about Flight to Dollar Quality, or the US financial sector being the first to emerge from the credit crisis, or foreign financial structures being worse off than the US, or some total nonsense.

The USDollar DX index has more thoroughly filled the gap from 82.5 to 83.5 described in the last article. Watch the stochastix crossover signal, which might be a thinly disguised rebound near its end. The USDollar is a tired soldier here. Almost always a retest of the previous established high occurs, like the 88 registered in November. That is in progress, and probably has run its course. Little talk has come to how US firms have been harmed by rising export prices charged to foreign customers. That is a US$ negative factor. The fast deterioration of the USEconomy is an extremely negative US$ factor. Lastly, as cited over two years ago, the USEconomic trade deficit finally has come down, but mainly due to economic slowdown called recession, finally recognized. My description is of disintegration, since credit devices have been destroyed, borrowers have been rendered insolvent, banks are mostly insolvent, supply chains are locked down, and transportation systems are left idle. Most claims of imminent revival are utterly laughable.

The USTreasury Bond is offering extremely low yields to investors. The short-term Bills are offering near 0% yields in a travesty on wheels. With the US$ elevated from its Death Dance, lifted by powerful prevalent destruction, and the USTBond principal elevated from risk aversion and central bank consolidation into the valueless monolith of worthless debt eventually to suffer default, SOMETHING MUST GIVE FROM POWERFUL FORCES.

ZOMBIES IN BANK SYSTEM - ATTRACTING LAST PUBLIC FUNDS

Most US-based banks are insolvent. The largest banks have been kept afloat in the last decade by the perverse trade in credit derivatives. Rather than melt down the garbage silos called banks, and liquidating their assets, they are kept in a state of moribund animation in order to attract public funds. Such easy pickings from the USCongress, who have no idea what is going on, or else receive bribes. See the vast contributions from Fannie Mae over the years to key players today. The corruption and fraud has never in the history of the nation been easier, largely due to protection and collusion by the regulators themselves, but more importantly, due to the JPMorgan & Goldman Sachs key henchmen operating the Dept of Treasury & USFed. These are the Inside Guys. This is Counterfeit Capitalism, enough to make Jefferson or Keynes shudder. The TARP funds are a great example, gigantic intravenous injections to cadavers. They were not administered by the Paulson syndicate bosses because they knew full well that the banks were dead. So they stole the funds, a practice they have ample experience with from their mortgage fraud enterprise. The TARP is but a climax. Declaration of death would eliminate the opportunity for more rescue funds, relief efforts, and confiscation. With the insolvency, lack of adequate liquidity, the general decrepit state has led to an unsustainable situation. SOMETHING MUST GIVE FROM POWERFUL FORCES.

CHARRING & SMOKE AT CITI - SURELY A FIRE

Where there is smoke, there is fire. Both Citigroup and Bank of America are dead. Heck, so is Deutsche Bank in Germany. So is Royal Bank of Scotland in England. So is CIBC in Canada. So are several others. In the Untied States though, the giant cornerstones of the syndicate are JPMorgan, Goldman Sachs, Citigroup, and Bank of America. They are probably all four dead, if truth be known, if proper accounting be revealed, if their convenient Garbage Can were overturned and emptied. The massive losses to the big banks, Citigroup for example, come from credit market assets like the worthless bonds they hold, from bad loans from the economy (commercials & credit cards & car loans), and from the nightmarish credit derivatives. Rumors are floating that Citigroup was split into two parts so that the entire trash heap of a Rubinesque corporation did not implode. Reports persist that Bank of America and Citigroup are little different, diversified into every conceivable banking acid pit in the last 15 years. Rumors are floating that JPMorgan is dying a slow death, a rapid death without the gargantuan funds shoved down its cancer ridden gullet by the US Federal Reserve. With the insolvency, continued wreckage of its asset base, the forced movement of worthless assets onto the balance sheet has led to an unsustainable situation. SOMETHING MUST GIVE FROM POWERFUL FORCES.

BANK STOCK INDEX BREAKDOWN - CLEARLY FORECASTED

The bank stock index fell hard, precisely as forecasted, exactly as outlined in the brief technical analysis in the last article. It aint done falling. A price target on the decline in progress right now is hard to determine, since the bearish triangle has no well-defined base. But an 8-10 point plunge seems likely, down to the 27-29 range. All claims that the banks have seen their worst days are marketing ploys at best, and moronic actions at worst. Fresh new rounds of mortgage losses come this year. Watch the RKH regional bank stock index, which is also breaking down. The bank sector destruction is broadening beyond Wall Street.

ELIMINATED OPPORTUNITY - CANNOT KILL ANOTHER WS GIANT

Lehman Brothers was one of their own on Wall Street. It was let go, not so much killed, but surely exploited as an event. JPMorgan was thus able to secure $138 billion in slush money, in a massive reload, to settle Lehman accounts. What a bunch of horse manure for a story! Now, remaining Wall Street firms have consolidated, or have aligned their positions in very similar fashion, surely after much targeted hits against their own client hedge funds. No longer can Wall Street afford to kill another giant investment bank. The CDSwap fallout, or the bond liquidation fallout, or the general ripple effects from others holding corporate stock shares in the killed firm, would cause havoc. The Lehman failure was a test. They learned they cannot kill another. Correlated alignment means if another falls, they are all mortally wounded.

HEIGHT OF INEFFICENT BANKING - MONEY FOR FAILURE & FRAUD

Mentioned before, most newly created money is being directed toward dead bank structures, toward failed executives, toward redemption of failed assets. The Wall Street crowd is full of hogs that domineer at the troughs. Healthy companies are starving for funds, challenged to secure credit. They are often melting down. Good strong businesses are seeing 20% declines, like Marla's law firm, like Henry's math tutoring business, like Steve's custom carpentry business, like Calvin's resort condo business, like Tony's commercial property firm, like Bill's magazine business, all longstanding contacts of mine.

ZEROS CROPPING UP - STRAIN IN MARKETS

Anywhere one can spot a near 0% or near 0 price generally, a ruined wrecked destroyed market can be identified. See the USTreasury Bills. See the car loan deals to sell fields of unsold cars. See the shipping rates for overseas container vessels and their cargo. Businesses and corporations are failing in a grand meltdown. This is a consequence of phony cost of money, and consequent systemic failure.

INTEREST RATE SWAPS - NEXT CREDIT DERIVATIVE MELTDOWN

Related to the Zero Effect is the vast network of credit derivatives. While the CDSwaps have grabbed most headlines in the last several months, the Interest Rate Swaps will possibly next come to the front stage for examination in what is sure to be a post mortem analysis. Some wonder why the Bond Vigilantes are gone, driven away in the last decade. Give credit to the Interest Rate Swap contracts. IRSwaps have permitted the JPMorgan power players (complete with leverage toolbags and propeller hats) to exert control on the long-term USTreasury Bonds by means of explicit control of the short-term USTreasury Bills. Through leverage, USFed monetary policy has brought to bear much control over long-term rates. THE END RESULT IS DESTRUCTION OF THE ENTIRE USURY PRICE SYSTEM, THE COST OF MONEY. That is your primary cause of bubble creation in the Untied States in the last 10 to 15 years. Thank you, JPMorgan.

CONSUMER COLLAPSE - BROADBASED DISINTEGRATION

Retail sales are in fast retreat. Retail chains are not just in fast retreat, but major closings. Car sales are in fast retreat. Restaurants are suffering major slowdowns. Imports are generally suffering major slowdowns. Credit card limits are being pulled down by banks. The description of disintegration is more fitting. The slam to income is palpable, loud, and powerful. Numerous corporate projects are being canceled or suspended. The backlash of the absurd pursuit of low-cost solutions in Asia has been the destruction of the legitimate income sources in the Untied States. Who is talking about low-cost solutions now??

HOUSING HALF DONE IN DECLINE - SO SAYS GOLDMAN SACHS

Without a sharp break in the pattern of degradation, housing will lose another 20% to 25% nationally in value. The sharp break could come from a national USGovt program to reduce home loan balances. Even Jan Hatzius of Goldman Sachs sees the US housing slump as half done, with up to another 25% in price declines. The real mortgage problem is that perhaps one third to one half of all mortgage bonds are fraud ridden, with little proper securitization linking the bond to property titles. In the case of Fannie Mae, we are dealing with at least $1 trillion in outright counterfeit bonds. So solutions by the Wall Street syndicate are attempted (or sold to Congress) at the aggregate level, to support the fraud. They wish not to embark on a detailed approach loan by loan, since it would expose the fraud and counterfeit. See Counterfeit Capitalism again, the American byline.

SHIPPING PORTS CLOGGED - SUPPLY CHAIN DISRUPTION

Nowhere is the plight of shipping more evident that in the major ports. The Long Beach California port is overridden by inactivity. Below is a snapshot of Singapore. The Baltic Dry Index has fallen by 95%, the measure for overseas shipping rates. China has closed down thousands of small and medium and large factories. Globally, the factories are ratcheting down.

ATTACK OF RUSSIA & SAUDIS - AGAIN IT IS CRUDE OIL

It worked in 1998. Here we go again. The big threat of a Persian Gulf new currency, even gold-backed, sends shudders through the corrupted hearts of USGovt and Wall Street leaders. It should. So they have declared open season on hedge funds, a form of financial genocide in the words of CAFitts. The objective is to bring down energy prices, metals prices, and more in order to ruin the Russian and Saudi economies. If the Russian colossus and Saudi royals can be humbled, weakened, even ruined, then maybe neither will see their new currencies enjoy a launch at all. Putin is too smart to sit quietly and let it happen. So he has embarked on a parade of ruined oligarchs, shifting their assets into the official pockets. Russia is far stronger than people believe, and will control the great prize of Europe, the global centerpiece. The Saudis are too slow, too corrupt, and have over three thousand useless parasites living within the royal family, sucking the nation dry. They are dead, very dead, yet the globe has yet to realize it.

US & UK ECONOMIC FAILURE - RUNNING ON SCHEDULE

The death of the AngloSphere is unstoppable and on course. The two nations suffer from imperial over-reach, from corrupted paper markets in everything conceivable (stocks, bonds, housing, commodities). They both suffer from a devastating backlash related to nationwide dependence upon a housing bubble as an economic foundation. What a very sick concept!

RECOGNITION OF FAILURE - PAIN OF ISOLATION

The year 2009 will be marred by recognition of the Untied States and United Kingdom as failed states, beyond remedy. My description is for the US-UK to have morphed into crime syndicate control of government bodies in a widespread sense. They have strangled their hosts, and sucked them dry. The nations of the world will embark on a mission to protect themselves from the imploding giants. The natural progression in failed nations is from democracy to fascism, from capitalism to the Fascist Business Model, from free societies to martial law. A tragedy has already begun. It will run its full course.

FAILURE SOUTH OF BORDER - OIL FALLOUT IN MEXICO & VENEZUELA

The giant oilfield called Cantarell in Mexico will be totally dry of output by yearend 2009. That is correct, kaput. The decline is accelerating. The PEMEX management and Mexican Govt supervision has been an unmitigated disaster. Drug lords are taking control of the nation. The ugly financial facts are these. Over 40% of the Mexican Govt revenue stream came from the PEMEX oil industry in 2007. That source is running on empty. The national energy surplus will turn to a deficit by 2010, like early next year. The import of refined gasoline doubles the rate of foreign reserve decline, since crude oil not produced means gasoline that must be imported. The US will lose 10% of its crude oil import supply. Texas and Louisiana will struggle to find oil feedstock for gasoline refineries. More importantly, the Mexican Govt will dissolve before our eyes, and drug lords will carve up the nation south of the border.

COMEX INVENTORY - BACK DOOR INTERRUPTIONS

While many observers have been busily gauging and tracking the Open Interest and Demands for Delivery by COMEX participants, they have focused on the wrong things. Robbery and gutting of a giant KMart does not occur in broad daylight through the front door, removing items on shelves by a pack of kerchiefed men brandishing shotguns and escaping in Chevy Econoline vans. That is what the observers seem to expect by their tracking. No! The COMEX default will come from removal of inventory by means of denial by the powerful billionaires who have targeted the corrupted exchange. Sales of large blocks of gold & silver take place outside the COMEX in private transactions at prices 20% to 30% above the corrupt COMEX prices. The sold bullion does NOT find its way back to the COMEX. Furthermore, many large gold & silver mining firms have reduced sharply their actual mine projects, enough to reduce new supply to the COMEX. The big lie is the stated COMEX inventory, half probably pure fiction. Some is likely 'Deep Storage' bullion, as in unmined mountain deposits, the major ore bodies. The cracks have formed in the December gold & silver contract month. The breakdown should occur in 1Q2009 here, like by the end of March. All is on schedule, if only the observers knew what to monitor. They are errantly focused on the front windows, ignoring the back doors and loading docks.

USMILITARY SHUN - AIRBASES THREATENED

A series of maneuvers has begun. Last week, the nation of Kyrgyzstan in central Asia just cut a deal with Mighty Russia, its neighbor. In return for a big trade deal, Kyrgyzstan might be required to deny renewal of its lease to the USMilitary for airbase usage. The tiny nation is a key supply route connection point for the Afghan War. Russia is applying the screws, angry beyond words at the Georgia & Osettia invasions. Also, while not hosting airbases, Ukraine will suffer mightily for its adoption as a US puppet regime, and likely be carved up into managed territories. Also, Poland will suffer mightily for its installation of ballistic missiles aimed at Russia by its US master. Eastern Europe will be reorganized soon, according to Russia designs, replete with retribution. With Russian energy supply comes total control from above, the US puppets swept aside, and the US strings cut. Closer to home, the Russian Navy is working very closely with Venezuela. China has had for years the contract to defend the Panama Canal. The 2010 decade will be identified by the retreat of the USMilitary machine, after its isolation. Word has come to me that foreign parties are actively working to cut off the commodity supply chain to the USMilitary defense contractors. This is the exposed artery.

LACK OF TREASURY HEAD THIS WEEK - SHOCK WAVES

The USDept Treasury has no head. After inauguration day on Tuesday the 20th of January, look for possible volatility, disruptions, and fast moving markets. Such is a possible climate for a powerful USDollar decline overnight. Few realize that financial market interventions of numerous types can only be executed by the hand of the Treasury Secretary. That post is vacant tomorrow, as the Geithner confirmation has hit a snag. The real reasons for the snag are concealed in my opinion, as attention focus on nonsense like tax returns. His involvement at the center of the great Wall Street fraud episode is the likely reason. Without the potential for market intervention, the gold price might enjoy a strange upward lift, much like the lift seen in September immediately before the $138 billion JPMorgan reload. The gold lift was around $100 in a single week. Watch for some possible unbridled moments for a few horses free to run wild.

VP Biden has warned to the Council on Foreign Relations of expected disruptive events this week, the warnings made over a month ago strangely, like he already knows details. Former Secy State Colin Powell has a YouTube clip confirming the claim. He managed to provide a warning that has been altered to remove the forewarned incident on Jan 21-22 mentioned by Biden. See the story and video (CLICK HERE). Powell resigned his post within a year after delivering his error-ridden speech before the United Nations on non-existent weapons of mass destruction in Iraq under the Saddam Hussein regime. He retired $40 million richer than when he begun his short stint as Secy State.

AFTER THE SHOCK WAVES AND FURTHER FINANCIAL DESTRUCTION, GOLD & SILVER & PLATINUM WILL BE LEFT STANDING. So much internal pressure, such forces to create powerful differentials, that lightning should hit all winter and spring and into the summer. The gigantic funding needs will expose cracks, produce lightning, and reshape the global system.

Saturday, January 10, 2009

In metro Atlanta’s unfinished subdivisions, quiet reigns

CARROLL COUNTY'S VACANT LOTS

Amid housing crisis, 148,000 home sites across region sit empty

The Atlanta Journal-Constitution

Sunday, January 11, 2009

David Parker’s family lives in one of the quietest subdivisions in metro Atlanta, Winchester Farms in Carroll County. No music, no barking dogs, no traffic.

Why? Because the Parkers don’t have any neighbors. The rocking chairs on the front porch of their $399,000 house face empty lots.

Winchester Farms was supposed to have 50 homes, but only a handful were built before construction halted in the housing market crash.

So far, only the Parkers have moved in. The Parker children ride their dirt bikes over the empty land and thrill to the site of turkey and deer.

“It’s nice to have a subdivision all to yourself,” said their 47-year-old dad, a youth psychiatric counselor.

The Parkers’ situation is not unique. Just down Flat Rock Road in northeast Carroll is another subdivision, Round Rock Estates, with only one family.

The home construction slump means more Atlanta subdivisions are sitting incomplete, with few residents and big empty spaces.

Approximately 148,000 vacant home sites dot the 22 counties tracked by Metrostudy, a real estate research company. That’s up 42 percent since 2006, when the market decline began, Metrostudy’s numbers show.

Empty home sites can turn into ugly erosion problems or dumps. They tend to depress home values. Governments have to expend time and money monitoring them so they don’t fester into sore spots.

Carroll County, about 40 minutes west of Atlanta, employs two people whose job is to patrol the county to make sure erosion control measures are in place at dormant construction sites.

Carroll is the leader in terms of how long it would take to absorb all those vacant lots. If home construction were to stay at its current sluggish pace and no new sites were approved, Carroll would have to wait 26 years for the last house to be built, Metrostudy said.

Of course, that’s not going to happen. But it does show just how out of whack the market has become.

Housing’s sudden sickness caught developers, bankers and local governments unaware. A symptom is the glut of lots.

“Things just kind of ran up and hit a wall, and everything stopped overnight,” said Steve Bridges, president and CEO of the Community Bankers Association of Georgia. “Believe it or not, lots in most markets around Atlanta were actually considered to be in short supply not so long ago.”

Reality vs. rules

In Carroll, like other areas, new home sites are generally approved if they coincide with the county’s long-range plan and would not create environmental or transportation problems or strain services.

Governments generally don’t consider population growth and existing lot supply when asked to approve subdivisions. They have to be careful about trampling on property-owner rights.

“There are no regulations in place that would govern how many lots the commission would approve based on population data,” said Lee Gorman, Carroll’s community development director. “They don’t say, ‘We don’t want 50 houses here, but we can live with 25.’ “

Banks, however, do consider whether a new subdivision makes economic sense, said Joe Brannen, president of the Georgia Bankers Association.

“Banks have long looked at absorption rates, economic conditions, population trends, etc., when making credit decisions to developers,” Brannen said.

But land development is a multiyear endeavor, he added. And when investors quit buying mortgages in 2007 in the subprime loan crisis, “the tracts of land were already purchased, county governments had already given approvals, dirt was disturbed, and work had commenced.”

Local government planning has never been sophisticated enough to adequately address Atlanta’s population boom, and that’s allowed lots to mushroom, said Dan Reuter, the Atlanta Regional Commission’s land use division chief.

“We were just dealing with it and not guiding it,” Reuter said. “We should be more aware and more demanding of looking at what are our needs and what kind of housing stock we’re permitting, and where. We’ve oversubdivided, and we’ve overbuilt. Building a subdivision is the easiest development that exists.”

Rick Porter, an instructor in the building construction program at Georgia Tech’s College of Architecture, said “land development is a local, small business, 500 people making decisions. There’s no coordination.”

Historically, lots usually were approved in small chunks, limiting developer exposure. In the last 10 years, however, big developers became bigger players in the Atlanta market, so project sizes grew, Porter said.

“The development industry tried to change the business model of land development, and it has come home to roost, terribly,” he said.

‘Sell or get taken’

Developer Lyn Loveless’ plan was to sell 50 lots at Winchester Farms in Villa Rica. He sold 30 percent of them before sales stopped.

Now, Loveless travels 50-plus miles from his home in Fayetteville to Carroll to check on silt fences and disburse seed to keep dirt in place.

He put his 27-acre home on the market for $2.2 million.

“Everything I’ve got is for sale,” Loveless said. “It’ll sell or get taken. I’m just like everybody else. I’ll probably lose everything I’ve got. Give me a job cutting grass. I’ll cut grass.”

Parker, Winchester Farms’ lone homeowner, said a house up the street is under contract, so his family might have some neighbors soon.

For now, he’s smoking his cigar and grilling in the quiet. “I’m perfectly fine with it,” he said.

Friday, January 9, 2009

Unemployment Hits 7.2%, 16-Year High

Number will be revised upward next quarter, certainly.



January 10, 2009

With the recession in full swing, the nation’s employers shed 524,000 jobs in December, the government reported Friday, and a rapidly deteriorating economy promised more significant losses in the months ahead. December’s job losses brought the total for 2008 to 2.6 million, spanning a recession that started 12 months ago.

The unemployment rate jumped to 7.2 percent in December from 6.8 percent in November and 5 percent last April, when the recession was four months old and just beginning to bite. More than 11 million Americans are now unemployed.

President-elect Barack Obama said Friday that the alarming figures showed that Washington must act quickly and decisively to enact a stimulus plan. Behind the numbers, he said, are “real lives, real suffering, real fears.”

Mr. Obama said he remained open to “a whole host” of ideas from Democrats and Republicans alike and was focused on getting something done rather than who gets credit for it. Asked at a news conference whether he was worried that some lawmakers think his proposed stimulus program, with a cost estimated at $775 billion, was too big, while others think it is too small, he said he was open to consultations with Congress.

But the president-elect said he would insist on quick action. “I have every expectation that we will get it done,” he said. “You are assuming that I expected it to be easy,” he told one questioner. “No.”

On Wall Street, the markets fell on the report, with all three major exchanges down more than one percent.

The 7.2 percent was the highest unemployment rate since January 1993, when the country was still shaking off a jobless recovery from the 1990-91 recession. The loss in total jobs for 2008 was the largest since 1945.

“These numbers, back to back, of more than a half million a month suggest that the U.S. economy is in a freefall,” said Nariman Behravesh, chief economist at IHS Global Insight. “It’s scary, and it indicates that unless something is done and done quickly to turn this economy around, we’re looking at an awful situation this year.”

The toll of job losses cut across every sector. Some 101,000 construction jobs were lost from November to December, in addition to 149,000 in manufacturing. The retail sector shed 67,000 jobs while professional and business services lost 113,000. The few areas of growth were in education and health care, which added 45,000 jobs in December, and government, which added 7,000 jobs.

In 2008 as a whole, nearly 800,000 manufacturing jobs were lost, and 630,000 construction jobs disappeared as home-building slowed. Jobs also dried up in the financial sector, in publishing houses and trucking companies, department stores and hotels.

“This is unprecedented,” said Mark Zandi, chief economist of Moody’s Economy.com. “It’s coast to coast. It’s everywhere. There’s really no refuge in this job market. There’s no safe place.”

In addition to rising unemployment, more Americans are working fewer hours or resorting to part-time jobs. The number of people working part-time rose to a seasonally adjusted 8 million in December from 7.3 million a month earlier. And the average length of a workweek for workers in nonmanagement positions fell to 33.3 hours in December from 33.5 hours a month earlier.

“Even with a stimulus package, the unemployment rate is going to keep rising and by December it is likely to be over 9 percent,” said David A. Levy, chairman of the Jerome Levy Forecasting Center. In a speech on the economy, Mr. Obama said Thursday that the unemployment rate “could reach double digits.”

The accelerating job loss — more than one million jobs have disappeared in just two months — suggests that the recession will last at least into early summer, making it the longest since the 1930s. The severe recessions of the mid-1970s and early 1980s each lasted 16 months, the current record.

In his speech Thursday at George Mason University, Mr. Obama said that his American Recovery and Reinvestment Plan would “immediately jump-start job creation and long-term growth.” Most forecasters, however, say that even with an ambitious stimulus plan, the economy will continue to contract through the first half of the year, though at a slower pace — and even if a recovery does kick in by early summer, it won’t generate jobs for many months after.

“I would suspect that starting this past October and lasting through April, we will have really big job losses,” said Robert Barbera, chief economist at the Investment Technology Group, a research and trading firm.

Just in October and November, 956,000 jobs disappeared (the November loss alone was 584,000, revised from 533,000), the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported. That was nearly 40 percent of the jobs that were eliminated since the recession began in December 2007.

“There was a change in psychology around the time the financial crisis devolved into a panic in September or October,” said Mark Zandi, chief economist at Moody’s Economy.com. “Businesses went from trying to hold on to their workers to laying them off in an effort to survive.”

Since then, consumer spending and business investment have fallen precipitously and lenders have been reluctant to supply the credit that would be needed to lift private sector demand. In addition, demand is not likely to revive until consumers become more confident about the economy. Their confidence is at record low levels, several polls show.

But for all the job losses, the current recession, now in its 14th month, falls short of the mid-’70s and early ’80s recessions, at least so far. The total number of men and women at work declined 2.7 percent in the 1974-75 recession and by 3.1 percent in 1981-82. In the current recession, the loss through November was under 2 percent.

“We are not yet near the numbers of those earlier recessions,” Mr. Barbera said, “but five more months like what we have been having and we’ll be there.”

Tuesday, January 6, 2009

Obama Warns of Prospect for Trillion-Dollar Deficits

January 7, 2009

WASHINGTON — President-elect Barack Obama on Tuesday braced Americans for the unparalleled prospect of “trillion-dollar deficits for years to come,” a stark assessment of the budgetary outlook that he said would force his administration to impose tighter fiscal discipline on the government.

Mr. Obama sought to distinguish between the need to run what is likely to be record-setting deficits for several years and the necessity to begin bringing them down markedly in subsequent years. Even as he prepares a stimulus plan that is expected to total nearly $800 billion in new spending and tax cuts over the next two years, he said he would make sure the money was wisely spent, and he pledged to work with Congress to enact spending controls and efficiency measures throughout the federal budget.

“We’re not going to be able to expect the American people to support this critical effort unless we take extraordinary steps to ensure that the investments are made wisely and managed well,” Mr. Obama said, speaking about the dire fiscal outlook after meeting with his economic team for a second straight day.

In his most explicit language on the subject since winning the election, Mr. Obama sought to reassure lawmakers and the financial markets that he was aware of the long-term dangers of running huge deficits and would take steps to limit and eventually reduce them.

Big deficits force the government to borrow more money, saddling future generations with large financial burdens and leaving the nation reliant on foreign governments and other big investors to lend cash. The problem is even more acute now because credit markets, which in recent months have made it much harder and more expensive for businesses and individuals to borrow, could be further strained by financing a huge government deficit.

On Wednesday, Mr. Obama plans to name a chief performance officer with the task of finding government efficiencies. The Congressional Budget Office will also release its latest budget estimates, providing the first official predictions of the shortfalls tied to the economic slowdown and the fallen financial markets.

Mr. Obama has made the economy virtually the sole public focus of his first full week in Washington since winning the election. He called on Tuesday for the creation of an economic recovery oversight board that would include outside advisers to monitor spending — and find abuses — of the economic stimulus plan. He also said earmarks for lawmakers’ special projects would be banned from the bill.

“When the American people spoke last November, they were demanding change — change in policies that helped deliver the worst economic crisis that we’ve see since the Great Depression,” Mr. Obama told reporters at his transition offices. He added, “They were demanding that we restore a sense of responsibility and prudence to how we run our government.”

But Republicans and some fiscally conservative Democrats have expressed concern that the need for a substantial economic stimulus plan could sweep away for years any serious effort to bring government spending into line with its revenues.

While economists almost universally support running large deficits to combat the kind of steep recession the country is grappling with now, they are increasingly expressing alarm at the prospect of sustained fiscal imbalances heading into a period in which the aging of the population will create huge budgetary strains because of the growing costs of the Medicare and Social Security programs.

Still, the deficit now seems likely to be so large that it will inevitably constrain Mr. Obama’s administration to some degree. At a minimum, it seems sure to force him to walk a line between maintaining the confidence of the financial markets, which could drive interest rates up sharply if they doubt his will or ability to improve the government’s financial condition in the long run, and various constituencies that will be pressing him to make good on his campaign promises.

Mr. Obama has so far not backed away from any of the big initiatives he ran on, including his plan to expand health insurance. On that issue, as on others, he has begun making a case that the economically prudent course is to invest now in addressing the nation’s big challenges rather than avoiding them in the name of saving money in the short run.

Mr. Obama was not specific about the size of the deficit he expects, beyond his reference to “a trillion-dollar deficit or close to a trillion-dollar deficit” for the fiscal year that ends Sept. 30. Aides said later that the estimate — in line with what economists have been anticipating given the economy’s rapid deterioration — did not include the costs of the proposed stimulus package, which could add hundreds of billions of dollars more to the red ink.

At $1 trillion, the deficit would not only shatter the largest previous shortfall in dollar terms — $455 billion last year — but it could also exceed the post-World War II-era record by the measure more meaningful in economic terms, the deficit as a percentage of total economic activity.

Diane Rogers, chief economist at the Concord Coalition, a nonpartisan organization that supports fiscal discipline, estimated that the deficit this year would hit 7 percent of the gross domestic product. The largest previous record in those terms was in 1983, when it hit 6 percent.

Mr. Obama declined to say on Tuesday whether the budget that his administration submits to Congress in February would be larger than the $3.1 trillion budget that President Bush submitted for the current fiscal year. He also did not offer any specific examples of how spending could be controlled, saying only that his advisers had been scouring the budget looking for programs that could be eliminated.

“I’m going to be willing to make some very difficult choices in how we get a handle on his deficit,” Mr. Obama said. “That’s what the American people are looking for and, you know, what we intended to do this year.”

But the short-term budget shortfalls are big enough to pose serious headaches in themselves, especially if bond investors start demanding higher interest rates.

In just the first three months of the 2009 fiscal year, which began on Oct. 1, the government spent $408 billion more than it took in. About one-third of that shortfall stemmed from the Treasury Department’s rescue program of injecting capital into banks, which the government will book as an “investment” rather than “spending.”

The recession itself will add hundreds of billions of dollars to the deficit. Even before Congress adds any new stimulus measures, higher outlays will climb for existing unemployment benefits, food stamps and other social programs. Tax revenues will fall because of rising unemployment, falling corporate profits and huge investment losses in the stock and bond markets. Mr. Obama’s stimulus program could add another $400 billion in each of the next two years.

“One thing investors have to be thinking is, what’s the exit strategy? How do we unwind this stuff?” said Robert Bixby, director of the Concord Coalition. “I would analogize it to what the government is doing with the auto companies. Congress said, we’ll give you the money but you have to show us a plan for sustainability.”

Mr. Bixby added, “Now the government is in the same position of the auto companies, but they haven’t come up with any plan for sustainability.”

As the latest budget estimates are released on Wednesday, the good news, at least for the moment, is that the Treasury’s borrowing costs are as almost as low as they have ever been. Short-term Treasury rates are hovering just above zero, but the rates on 10-year Treasury bonds are below 2 percent.

Monday, January 5, 2009

Commercial real estate in for tough 2009


AP Real Estate Writer

The balance of power between landlords and tenants will shift dramatically in 2009.

For landlords, this promises to be a year of intense competition, more bankrupt tenants, and tightfisted lenders. For renters, it looks like a time of abundant choices and tiny — if any — price increases.

From apartments to shopping malls, office towers to dockyard industrial space, the commercial real estate market will be marked by rising vacancy rates and weak to no rent growth. And the choke hold on credit could push many property owners that need to refinance into foreclosure.

Nearly 40 percent of real estate investors need to refinance part of their portfolios this year, according to more than 1,100 investors surveyed in October by Marcus & Millichap Real Estate Investment Services and National Real Estate Investor magazine. The investors also expect prices to decline 15 percent on average this year.

"It's hard to be an optimist right now," said Dan Fasulo, managing director of research firm Real Capital Analytics. "We're at the point where there's another potential systemic failure that the industry is trying to avoid."

Real Capital identified more than 1,000 large commercial properties nationwide, representing $25.7 billion, that are already bank-owned or the landlord is in default. But there are another $80.9 billion, or more than 3,700, properties that could potentially fall into trouble this year, the firm estimates.

Last month, a commercial real estate trade group appealed to the Bush administration for a slice of the $700 billion bailout of the financial services industry. The Treasury Department has yet to make a decision whether to include commercial property loans.

If the government doesn't come to the rescue, industry experts expect lenders to step up in aiding troubled property owners by offering maturity extensions or other workouts.

"Lenders don't want to run malls," said Victor Calanoog, research director at Reis Inc.

The crunch isn't just affecting landlords that need to refinance. Acquisitions have all but disappeared following a bang-up 2007. Fasulo said just 50 large office properties traded hands nationwide in the month of November, the lowest level since the early 1990's when the industry was in a severe recession.

Falling real estate prices will only make it harder for landlords to refinance. Owners with less than 30 percent equity in a property will have to pay higher interest rates — if they can get a loan at all.

Failed retailers like Linens 'n Things and Mervyn's have left many shopping mall owners with dark storefronts. Retail vacancy rates are forecast to climb to 11 percent this year, says Hessam Nadji, managing director at Marcus & Millichap. He also expects rents will decline between 4 and 6 percent as property owners contend with more tenant bankruptcies, store closures and fewer retailer expansions.

General Growth is the poster company of retail woes. Earlier in the decade, the company piled on debt to fund an aggressive acquisition program. Now, it's on the hook and desperately needs to refinance to shore up its books. Many of its properties are so far still healthy, Fasulo points out, but General Growth's chances of refinancing diminish as retail fundamentals soften.

Office properties won't escape the recession unscathed either. Nadji expects office vacancies to rise to almost 18 percent by the end of the year, up from an estimated 15 percent at the end of 2008.

Some major financial centers, including Boston, New York, and Charlotte, N.C., will see much higher vacancies.

Already, the Manhattan office market is reeling from the financial carnage. In the last three months of 2008, nearly 2.4 million square feet of so-called "shadow space" or sublease space, came onto the market, according to real estate services firm FirstService Williams. Half of that came from the financial services industry.

Sublease space is often offered at below-market rents, which pressures other landlords to lower their rents. Nadji expects rental rates for office space to fall between 4 and 6 percent this year.

Industrial properties should fare a tad better than retail, but the recession is taking its toll on the manufacturing sector. Last month, manufacturing activity shrunk to its lowest level in 28 years. No industry — from bakeries to cigarette-makers — reported any gains in new orders, production, employment or prices.

Nadji expects the industrial vacancy rate to fall to almost 13 percent and rents to decline between 3 and 4 percent.

Compared to those ugly numbers, the apartment market looks quite attractive. The vacancy rate is expected to rise to roughly 8 percent by the end of the year and rents will be flat, Nadji said.

In fact, the dismal housing market is helping apartment owners. Foreclosures are driving many homeowners back into rental apartments. At the same time, plenty of renters who could afford to buy a home are waiting for housing prices to stabilize.

One sliver of hope for the industry is the lack of overbuilding during the last boom. High construction and labor costs kept a lid on rampant development, and, in many areas, homebuilders often outbid commercial developers for land.

But the welfare of commercial real estate trails the rest of the economy, so landlords might not get any relief for another two years.

"If the economy recovers late this year," said Robert Bach, chief economist at Grubb and Ellis Co. "Our industry will still have a ways to go before it will recover."

Georgia Plant Moves to Brazil

A textile plant that was once the largest employer in Griffin is expected to close next month and move operations to Brazil, Spalding County officials said.

The plant, which manufactures towels and other textiles and employs about 350 people, is operated by Fort Mill, S.C.-based Springs Industries.

“Eventually this would have happened, but we would have hoped not this soon,” said Spalding County Manager William Wilson.

He said the company notified the county before Christmas that it planned to close the plant in February.

He said the plant has been downsizing for several years but remains one of the 20 largest employers in the county.

Formerly called Dundee Mills, the company had about 2,000 employees in the 1980s and was the county’s largest employer.

“It’s like watching an old friend die,” said Spalding County Commissioner David Phillips. “We’re holding our own and reindustrializing, but that was a kick in the teeth because we thought we would have more time.”

Springs Industries officials could not be reached for comment late Friday night.

The company, which merged with Brazil’s Cia De Tecidos do Norte de Minas SA to form Springs Global, announced in 2007 that it planned to move six factories from the United States to Brazil, according to Bloomberg News.

According to Bloomberg, Springs Industries employs 18,200 worldwide.

Wilson said Springs is offering employee transfers to available positions outside Georgia and is paying for worker retraining at Griffin Technical College.

Sunday, January 4, 2009

Treasury Opens Door to Aid for Broad Array of Firms, Industries

Treasury Opens Door to Aid for Broad Array of Firms, Industries

By Rebecca Christie

Jan. 1 (Bloomberg) -- The U.S. Treasury threw the door open to taxpayer financing for a widening array of companies and industries by drafting broad guidelines on aid to the auto industry.

The Treasury’s guidelines, published yesterday, would let officials provide funds to any company they deem important to making or financing cars. That leaves room for the government to provide money from the Troubled Asset Relief Program beyond loans already committed to General Motors Corp., GMAC LLC and Chrysler LLC.

“There are going to be other industries that are going to have just as good a case,” as the auto companies, former St. Louis Federal Reserve Bank President William Poole said in an interview on Bloomberg Television. “We don’t know what those other industries are going to be. Where does this process stop?”

Shares of auto suppliers including American Axle & Manufacturing Holdings Inc. and Lear Corp. jumped yesterday after Treasury announced the guidelines. The Motor & Equipment Manufacturers Association has been lobbying for the use of federal funds as a backstop in case parts makers can’t collect money the auto manufacturers owe them.

Analysts have speculated that companies such as GM’s bankrupt former parts unit Delphi Corp., might be eligible for assistance. The Treasury guidelines may encourage more guessing on what companies and industries are next, said Vincent Reinhart, resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute in Washington.

‘Constructively Ambiguous’

Treasury officials “much prefer discretion, and so they would view the statement as being constructively ambiguous,” Reinhart said. “It’s appropriate that they end the year the way they spent most of it -- that is, adding uncertainty into an environment in which there’s a lot of uncertainty.”

The guidelines don’t bind the government, so the lack of specifics gives President-elect Barack Obama plenty of leeway to decide who succeeds and fails when he takes office in three weeks. The bailout was originally designed to buy assets from banks and has instead become a fund for Treasury to prop up lenders, insurers, carmakers, auto-finance companies and, now, any firm that may be important to those industries.

Slippery Slope

“The further you go, the slipperier the slope becomes, the more you open the door to anyone who says, ‘Look, my firm is in trouble, I need help too,’” said Lyle Gramley, a former Fed governor and now a Washington-based senior economic adviser for Stanford Group Co. “We don’t want to go any further down that road than we absolutely have to.”

The Treasury already has provided $6 billion in aid to GMAC, the financing arm of GM, and up to $17.4 billion in financing for GM and Chrysler, using funds from the $700 billion bank-rescue package.

“Treasury will determine the form, terms and conditions of any investment made pursuant to this program on a case-by-case basis,” the Treasury said in the new guidelines. “Treasury may consider, among other things, the importance of the institution to production by, or financing of, the American automotive industry.”

The government will weigh “whether a major disruption of the institution’s operations would likely have a materially adverse effect on employment and thereby produce negative spillover effects on economic performance” or on credit markets, the Treasury said.

Supplier Shares Leap

Shares of American Axle, GM’s largest supplier of axles, and Lear, the world’s second-largest maker of auto seats, both leapt in the minutes after the Treasury’s announcement yesterday. Detroit-based American Axle rose 56 cents, or 24 percent, to $2.89 in New York Stock Exchange composite trading. Southfield, Michigan-based Lear, which gets almost a third of its revenue from GM, rose 26 cents, or 23 percent, to $1.41.

This week’s funding agreement between the Treasury and GMAC opened a new rescue program for the auto industry as part of the TARP. Treasury said then that the GMAC agreement was “part of a broader program to assist the domestic automotive industry in becoming financially viable.” A Treasury official said there’s no cap or deadline for aid to the auto industry under the TARP.

“We would not be surprised to see additional government funds to GM to support a Delphi solution,” JPMorgan Chase & Co. analyst Himanshu Patel said in a report Dec. 30.

With this week’s funding for GMAC, the Treasury has now earmarked $358.4 billion out of the $700 billion bailout. Its actual spending has been less -- for example, the department so far has handed out only $172.5 billion out of the $250 billion designated for bank capital injections.

Treasury Checkbook

When Congress approved the TARP in October, it gave the Bush administration the first of two $350 billion tranches. After injecting capital into GMAC on Dec. 29, the Treasury reiterated its call for legislators to release the rest of the money.

The auto-rescue program could range anywhere from full bailouts of specific companies to merely keeping others going while in bankruptcy to ensure production isn’t interrupted, said Kirk Ludtke, an analyst at CRT Capital Group Inc. in Stamford, Connecticut.

“The Detroit three are still at risk,” Ludtke said, referring to GM, Chrysler and Ford Motor Co. “The government is acknowledging it needs to assure at least an orderly restructuring of the key players in the auto industry.”

To contact the reporters on this story: Rebecca Christie in Washington at Rchristie4@bloomberg.net;